A Nonlocal Schwinger Model

Abstract

We solve a system of massless fermions constrained to two space-time dimensions interacting via a $d$ space-time dimensional Maxwell field. Through dimensional reduction to the defect and bosonization, the system maps to a massless scalar interacting with a nonlocal Maxwell field through a $F\ddot{I}•$-coupling. The $d=2$ dimensional case is the usual Schwinger model where the photon gets a mass. More generally, in $2<d<4$ dimensions, the degrees of freedom map to a scalar which undergoes a renormalization group flow; in the ultraviolet, the scalar is free, while in the infrared it has scaling dimension $(4-d)/2$. The infrared is similar to the Wilson-Fisher fixed point, and the physically relevant case $d=4$ becomes infrared trivial in the limit of infinite ultraviolet cut-off, consistent with earlier work on the triviality of conformal surface defects in Maxwell theory.

25 pages, 3 figures; v2 author list fixed, refs added