Large neutrino mass in cosmology and keV sterile neutrino dark matter from a dark sector

Abstract

We consider an extended seesaw model which generates active neutrino masses via the usual type-I seesaw and leads to a large number of massless fermions as well as a sterile neutrino dark matter (DM) candidate in the $\mathcal{O}(10-100)\mathrm{keV}$ mass range. The dark sector comes into thermal equilibrium with Standard Model neutrinos after neutrino decoupling and before recombination via a U(1) gauge interaction in the dark sector. This suppresses the abundance of active neutrinos and therefore reconciles sizeable neutrino masses with cosmology. The DM abundance is determined by freeze-out in the dark sector, which allows avoiding bounds from X-ray searches. Our scenario predicts a slight increase in the effective number of neutrino species $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ at recombination, potentially detectable by future CMB missions.

v1: 17 pages, 5 figures; v2: Updated discussion on constraints from structure formation, version accepted for publication in JCAP; v3: Typos corrected