Scattering makes a difference in circular dichroic angle-resolved photoemission

Abstract

Recent years have witnessed a steady progress towards blending 2D quantum materials into technology, with future applications often rooted in the electronic structure. Since crossings and inversions of electronic bands with different orbital characters determine intrinsic quantum transport properties, knowledge of the orbital character is essential. Here, we benchmark angle-resolved photoelectron emission spectroscopy (ARPES) as a tool to experimentally derive orbital characters. For this purpose we study the valence electronic structure of two technologically relevant quantum materials, graphene and WSe${}_2$, and focus on circular dichroism that is believed to provide sensitivity to the orbital angular momentum. We analyze the contributions related to angular atomic photoionization profiles, interatomic interference, and multiple scattering. Regimes in which initial-state properties could be disentangled from the ARPES maps are critically discussed and the potential of using circular-dichroic ARPES as a tool to investigate the spin polarization of initial bands is explored. For the purpose of generalization, results from two additional materials, GdMn${}_6$Sn${}_6$ and PtTe${}_2$ are presented in addition. This research demonstrates rich complexity of the underlying physics of circular-dichroic ARPES, providing new insights that will shape the interpretation of both past and future circular-dichroic ARPES studies.

12 pages, 7 figures

References in corpus (28)

• Lorentz-violating type-II Dirac fermions in transition metal dichalcogenide PtTe${}_2$
• Intrinsic Spin and Orbital Hall Effects from Orbital Texture
• Direct observation of spin-polarised bulk bands in an inversion-symmetric semiconductor
• Orbitronics: Orbital Currents in Solids
• Direct measurement of the quantum geometric tensor in a two-dimensional continuous medium
• Signature of strong spin-orbital coupling in the large non-saturating magnetoresistance material WTe2
• Observation of a warped helical spin-texture in Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ from circular dichroism angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Ubiquitous formation of bulk Dirac cones and topological surface states from a single orbital manifold in transition-metal dichalcogenides
• Ab Initio Theory of Coherent Laser-Induced Magnetization in Metals
• Chiral orbital-angular-momentum in the surface states of Bi2Se3
• Time-domain observation of ballistic orbital-angular-momentum currents with giant relaxation length in tungsten
• Detecting Chiral Orbital Angular Momentum by Circular Dichroism ARPES
• Local Berry curvature signatures in dichroic angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
• Illuminating the dark corridor in graphene: polarization dependence of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on graphene
• Experimental observation of hidden Berry curvature in inversion-symmetric bulk 2H-WSe2
• Photoemission of Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ with Circularly Polarized Light: Probe of Spin Polarization or Means for Spin Manipulation?
• Revealing Hidden Orbital Pseudospin Texture with Time-Reversal Dichroism in Photoelectron Angular Distributions
• Measurements of the quantum geometric tensor in solids
• Orbital Complexity in Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Insulators MnBi${}_4$Te${}_7$ and MnBi${}_6$Te${}_{10}$
• Computational Framework for Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
• Dyakonov-Perel-like Orbital and Spin Relaxations in Centrosymmetric Systems
• X-ray circular dichroism versus orbital magnetization
• Signatures of a surface spin-orbital chiral metal
• The Huygens Principle of Angle-Resolved Photoemission
• Ultrafast Dynamics of Orbital Angular Momentum of Electrons Induced by Femtosecond Laser Pulses: Generation and Transfer Across Interfaces
• Geometry-induced spin-filtering in photoemission maps from WTe${}_2$ surface states
• Light-induced torque in ferromagnetic metals via orbital angular momentum generated by photon-helicity
• Breakdown of bulk-projected isotropy in surface electronic states of topological Kondo insulator SmB${}_6$(001)