Rabi oscillations at three-photon laser excitation of a single rubidium Rydberg atom in an optical dipole trap

Abstract

In an experiment on three-photon laser excitation $5S_{1/2}\to 5P_{3/2}\to 6S_{1/2}\to 37P_{3/2}$ of a single ${}^{87}$Rb Rydberg atom in an optical dipole trap, we have observed for the first time three-photon Rabi oscillations between the ground and the Rydberg states. The single atom was detected optically by measuring the signal of resonant fluorescence with a low-noise sCMOS video camera. Relative probability of the atom to remain in the trap after the action of three synchronized laser excitation pulses was measured for their durations varied in the range from 100 ns to 2 $\mu$s. A specific feature of the experiment was the usage of intense laser radiation at the wavelength of 1367 nm on the second excitation step, which provided the single-photon Rabi frequency up to 2 GHz to control the effective detunings of the intermediate levels of the three-photon transition due to ac Stark effect. We have detected Rabi oscillations with frequency from 1 to 5 MHz depending on the intensities of the laser pulses on the first and the second excitation steps with the coherence time of 0.7-0.8 $\mu$s. The ways to increase the coherence time and contrast of the three-photon Rabi oscillations for applications in quantum information processing with Rydberg atoms are discussed.

14 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (7)

• Demonstration of multi-qubit entanglement and algorithms on a programmable neutral atom quantum computer
• High-fidelity parallel entangling gates on a neutral atom quantum computer
• Quantum computing with neutral atoms
• Rabi oscillations between ground and Rydberg states and van der Waals blockade in a mesoscopic frozen Rydberg gas
• Three-body Förster resonance of a new type in Rydberg atoms
• Observation of the Dipole Blockade Effect in Detecting Rydberg Atoms by the Selective Field Ionization Method
• Toffoli gate based on a three-body fine-structure-state-changing Förster resonance in Rydberg atoms

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Symmetric $C_Z$ gate for ultracold neutral atoms based on counterdiabatic driving at Rydberg excitation