Geometry of bi-Lagrangian Grassmannian

Abstract

This paper explores the structure of bi-Lagrangian Grassmanians for pencils of $2$-forms on real or complex vector spaces. We reduce the analysis to the pencils whose Jordan-Kronecker Canonical Form consists of Jordan blocks with the same eigenvalue. We demonstrate that this is equivalent to studying Lagrangian subspaces invariant under a nilpotent self-adjoint operator. We calculate the dimension of bi-Lagrangian Grassmanians and describe their open orbit under the automorphism group. We completely describe the automorphism orbits in the following three cases: for one Jordan block, for sums of equal Jordan blocks and for a sum of two distinct Jordan blocks.