Orbital Dynamics of the Solar Basin

Abstract

We study the dynamics of the solar basin -- the accumulated population of weakly-interacting particles on bound orbits in the Solar System. We focus on particles starting off on Sun-crossing orbits, corresponding to initial conditions of production inside the Sun, and investigate their evolution over the age of the Solar System. A combination of analytic methods, secular perturbation theory, and direct numerical integration of orbits sheds light on the long- and short-term evolution of a population of test particles orbiting the Sun and perturbed by the planets. Our main results are that the effective lifetime of a solar basin at Earth's location is ${\tau }_{\mathrm{eff}}=1.20\pm 0.09\mathrm{Gyr}$, and that there is annual (semi-annual) modulation of the basin density with known phase and amplitude at the fractional level of 6.5% (2.2%). These results have important implications for direct detection searches of solar basin particles, and the strong temporal modulation signature yields a robust discovery channel. Our simulations can also be interpreted in the context of gravitational capture of dark matter in the Solar System, with consequences for any dark-matter phenomenon that may occur below the local escape velocity.

References in corpus (52)

• Solar Models with Helium and Heavy Element Diffusion
• IAS15: A fast, adaptive, high-order integrator for gravitational dynamics, accurate to machine precision over a billion orbits
• Building the Terrestrial Planets: Constrained Accretion in the Inner Solar System
• SENSEI: Direct-Detection Results on sub-GeV Dark Matter from a New Skipper-CCD
• The origin of planetary impactors in the inner solar system
• A new Generation of Standard Solar Models
• The faint young Sun problem
• New stellar constraints on dark photons
• The Eccentric Kozai Mechanism for a Test Particle
• Detection of Light Dark Matter With Optical Phonons in Polar Materials
• Axion and hidden photon dark matter detection with multilayer optical haloscopes
• Cool WISPs for stellar cooling excesses
• Axion and neutrino bounds improved with new calibrations of the tip of the red-giant branch using geometric distance determinations
• Stellar Recipes for Axion Hunters
• Revisiting the axion bounds from the Galactic white dwarf luminosity function
• Solar axion flux from the axion-electron coupling
• Searching for Dark Absorption with Direct Detection Experiments
• A class of symplectic integrators with adaptive timestep for separable Hamiltonian systems
• Constructing the secular architecture of the solar system II: The terrestrial planets
• Cataclysm no more: New views on the timing and delivery of lunar impactors
• Chaos in the Test Particle Eccentric Kozai-Lidov Mechanism
• Stringent neutron-star limits on large extra dimensions
• A proposal to search for a monochromatic component of solar axions using ${}^{57}$Fe
• WIMP diffusion in the solar system including solar depletion and its effect on Earth capture rates
• XENON1T excess from anomaly-free ALP dark matter and its implications for stellar cooling anomaly
• Effect of Gravitational Focusing on Annual Modulation in Dark-Matter Direct-Detection Experiments
• The Irreducible Axion Background
• Dark matter in the solar system I: The distribution function of WIMPs at the Earth from solar capture
• Getting the most on supernova axions
• Secular evolution of a satellite by tidal effect. Application to Triton
• Dark matter in the solar system II: WIMP annihilation rates in the Sun
• Ejection of high-velocity stars from the Galactic Center by an inspiraling Intermediate-Mass Black Hole
• Dark matter in the solar system III: The distribution function of WIMPs at the Earth from gravitational capture
• Observational evidence for gravitationally trapped massive axion(-like) particles
• Heavy sterile neutrino emission in core-collapse supernovae: Constraints and signatures
• A New Solar System Population of WIMP Dark Matter
• Dark photon vortex formation and dynamics
• Earth-bound Milli-charge Relics
• A New WIMP Population in the Solar System and New Signals for Dark-Matter Detectors
• Stellar Basins of Gravitationally Bound Particles
• Direct Deflection of Particle Dark Matter
• WIMP diffusion in the solar system including solar WIMP-nucleon scattering
• Dark Photons in the Solar Basin
• Long-term dynamics of the solar system inner planets
• Wake forces in a background of quadratically coupled mediators
• Timescales of Chaos in the Inner Solar System: Lyapunov Spectrum and Quasi-integrals of Motion
• A Helioscope for Gravitationally Bound Millicharged Particles
• Symplectic integrators with adaptive time steps
• Cross section for supernova axion observation in neutrino water Cherenkov detectors
• Search for solar Kaluza-Klein axion by annual modulation with the XMASS-I detector
• Dark Solar Wind
• Secular evolution of asteroid families: the role of Ceres