Interacting Dirac fields in an expanding universe: dynamical condensates and particle production
arXiv:2408.06405 · doi:10.1103/bwjw-vb5b
Abstract
The phenomenon of particle production for quantum field theories in curved spacetimes is crucial to understand the large-scale structure of a universe from an inflationary epoch. In contrast to the free and fixed-background case, the production of particles with strong interactions and back reaction is not completely understood, especially in situations that require going beyond perturbation theory. In this work, we present advances in this direction by focusing on a self-interacting field theory of Dirac fermions in an expanding Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. By using a Hamiltonian lattice regularization with continuous conformal time and rescaled fields, this model becomes amenable to either a cold-atom analogue-gravity quantum simulation, or a dynamical variational approach. Leveraging a family of variational fermionic Gaussian states, we investigate how dynamical mass generation and the formation of fermion condensates associated to certain broken symmetries modify some well-known results of the free field theory. In particular, we study how the non-perturbative condensates arise and, more importantly, how their real-time evolution has an impact on particle production. Depending on the Hubble expansion rate, we find an interesting interplay of interactions and particle production, including a non-trivial back reaction on the condensates and a parity-breaking spectrum of produced particles.
23 pages, 14 figures
References in corpus (69)
- Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
- The density-matrix renormalization group in the age of matrix product states
- Quantum information with continuous variables
- The density-matrix renormalization group
- Classification of topological quantum matter with symmetries
- Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices: mimicking condensed matter physics and beyond
- Periodic table for topological insulators and superconductors
- Adiabatic Quantum Computing
- Evolution of Entanglement Entropy in One-Dimensional Systems
- Time-dependence of correlation functions following a quantum quench
- Analogue Gravity
- Calculation of reduced density matrices from correlation functions
- The cold atom Hubbard toolbox
- Matrix Product States and Projected Entangled Pair States: Concepts, Symmetries, and Theorems
- Continuous variable quantum information: Gaussian states and beyond
- Fiber-optical analogue of the event horizon
- Realization of Two-Dimensional Spin-orbit Coupling for Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Determining eigenstates and thermal states on a quantum computer using quantum imaginary time evolution
- Observation of quantum Hawking radiation and its entanglement in an analogue black hole
- Symmetry Protected Topological phases of Quantum Matter
- Quantum information with Gaussian states
- Hawking radiation from ultrashort laser pulse filaments
- Realization of a sonic black hole analogue in a Bose-Einstein condensate
- Ultracold Fermi Gases with Emergent SU(N) Symmetry
- Classification of Topological Insulators and Superconductors
- Inhomogeneous chiral condensates
- Realization of 2D Spin-orbit Interaction and Exotic Topological Orders in Cold Atoms
- Observation of Stimulated Hawking Radiation in Optics
- Inhomogeneous Condensates in the Thermodynamics of the Chiral NJL_2 model
- From Cosmology to Cold Atoms: Observation of Sakharov Oscillations in Quenched Atomic Superfluids
- A rapidly expanding Bose-Einstein condensate: an expanding universe in the lab
- Wilson Fermions and Axion Electrodynamics in Optical Lattices
- Exploring Interacting Topological Insulators with Ultracold Atoms: the Synthetic Creutz-Hubbard Model
- Observation of stationary spontaneous Hawking radiation and the time evolution of an analogue black hole
- Quantum Simulation of Coherent Hawking-Unruh Radiation
- Manipulating Topological Edge Spins in One-Dimensional Optical Lattice
- Observation of symmetry-protected topological band with ultracold fermions
- Cosmological Particle Production: A Review
- Quantum field simulator for dynamics in curved spacetime
- Variational Study of Fermionic and Bosonic Systems with Non-Gaussian States: Theory and Applications
- High Controllable and Robust 2D Spin-Orbit Coupling for Quantum Gases
- Analogue cosmological particle creation in an ultracold quantum fluid of light
- Fermionic Gaussian states: an introduction to numerical approaches
- Full Phase Diagram of the Massive Gross-Neveu Model
- Particle pair creation by inflation of quantum vacuum fluctuations in an ion trap
- Pairing in fermionic systems: A quantum information perspective
- The next generation of analogue gravity experiments
- Realization of Qi-Wu-Zhang model in spin-orbit-coupled ultracold fermions
- Generalized Hartree-Fock Theory for Interacting Fermions in Lattices: Numerical Methods
- Spacetime as a topological insulator: Mechanism for the origin of the fermion generations
- Uniqueness and Self-Conjugacy of Dirac Hamiltonians in arbitrary Gravitational Fields
- Solution of the problem of uniqueness and hermiticity of hamiltonians for Dirac particles in gravitational fields
- Gross-Neveu-Wilson model and correlated symmetry-protected topological phases
- Hermiticity of the Dirac Hamiltonian in Curved Spacetime
- Experimental Observation of Curved Light-Cones in a Quantum Field Simulator
- Quantum vacuum excitation of a quasi-normal mode in an analog model of black hole spacetime
- Pion condensation of quark matter in the static Einstein universe
- Renormalization group flows for Wilson-Hubbard matter and the topological Hamiltonian
- BCS in the Sky: Signatures of Inflationary Fermion Condensation
- Chiral Modulations in Curved Space I: Formalism
- Large- Chern insulators: lattice field theory and quantum simulation approaches to correlation effects in the quantum anomalous Hall effect
- Phase structure of 2-dimensional topological insulators by lattice strong coupling expansion
- Dirac fields in curved spacetime as Fermi-Hubbard model with non unitary tunnelings
- Interaction-induced topological phase transition at finite temperature
- Dual Fermion Condensates in Curved Space
- Strong Coupling Expansion in a Correlated Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator
- Fermion production at the boundary of an expanding universe: a cold-atom gravitational analogue
- Topological chiral currents in the Gross-Neveu model extension
- Simulating Cosmological Evolution by Quantum Quench of an Atomic BEC