Cosmological constraints from calibrated $E_p-E_{iso}$ gamma-ray burst correlation by using DESI 2024 data release

Abstract

Recent outcomes by the DESI Collaboration have shed light on a possible slightly evolving dark energy, challenging the standard $\Lambda$CDM paradigm. To better understand dark energy nature, high-redshift observations like gamma-ray burst data become essential for mapping the universe expansion history, provided they are calibrated with other probes. To this aim, we calibrate the $E_p-E_{iso}$ (or Amati) correlation through model-independent Bézier interpolations of the updated Hubble rate and the novel DESI data sets. More precisely, we provide two Bézier calibrations: i) handling the entire DESI sample, and ii) excluding the point at $z_{eff}=0.51$, criticized by the recent literature. In both the two options, we let the comoving sound horizon at the drag epoch, $r_d$, vary in the range $r_d\in [138,156]$ Mpc. The Planck value is also explored for comparison. By means of the so-calibrated gamma-ray bursts, we thus constrain three dark energy frameworks, namely the standard $\Lambda$CDM, the ${\omega }_0$CDM and the ${\omega }_0{\omega }_1$CDM models, in both spatially flat and non-flat universes. To do so, we worked out Monte Carlo Markov chain analyses, making use of the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. Further, we adopt model selection criteria to check the statistically preferred cosmological model finding a preference towards the concordance paradigm only whether the spatial curvature is zero. Conversely, and quite interestingly, the flat ${\omega }_0$CDM and both the cases, flat/non-flat, ${\omega }_0{\omega }_1$CDM model, leave evidently open the chance that dark energy evolves at higher redshifts.

15 pages, 7 figures, 8 tables

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Testing $f(T)$ Gravity with Cosmological Observations: Confronting the Hubble Tension and Implications for the Late-Time Universe
• Investigating the cosmic distance duality relation with gamma-ray bursts