Measuring the speed of gravity and the cosmic expansion with time delays between gravity and light from binary neutron stars
arXiv:2408.00362 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.111.023533
Abstract
The first observation of a gravitational wave (GW) and a short gamma-ray burst (sGRB) emitted by the same binary neutron star (BNS) merger officially opened the field of GW multimessenger astronomy. In this paper, we define and address , a new class of multimessenger BNSs for which associated GWs and sGRBs are observed without the identification of their host galaxy. We propose a new methodology to use the observed time delay of these sources to constrain the speed of gravity that is, the propagation speed of gravitational waves, the Hubble constant and the prompt time delay distribution between GWs and sGRBs, even though a direct redshift estimation from the host galaxy is unavailable. Our method exploits the intrinsic relation between GWs and sGRBs observed and prompt time delays to obtain a statistical redshift measure for the cosmological sources. We show that this technique can be used to infer the Hubble constant at the ~level of precision with future-generation GW detectors such as the Einstein Telescope and only 100 observations of this kind. The novel procedure that we propose has systematics that differ completely from the ones of previous GW methods for cosmology. Additionally, we demonstrate for the first time that the speed of gravity and the distribution of the prompt time delays between GWs and sGRBs can be inferred conjointly with less than 10 sources even with current GW detector sensitivities.
arXiv comment13 pages, 11 figures
References in corpus (39)
- emcee: The MCMC Hammer
- Advanced Virgo: a 2nd generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
- Cosmic Star Formation History
- Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
- Gravitational Waves and Gamma-rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A
- Advanced LIGO
- GWTC-2: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the First Half of the Third Observing Run
- Gravitational Waves from Mergin Compact Binaries: How Accurately Can One Extract the Binary's Parameters from the Inspiral Waveform?
- Properties of the binary neutron star merger GW170817
- A gravitational-wave standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant
- Science Case for the Einstein Telescope
- Bilby: A user-friendly Bayesian inference library for gravitational-wave astronomy
- Using gravitational-wave standard sirens
- Bayesian inference for compact binary coalescences with BILBY: Validation and application to the first LIGO--Virgo gravitational-wave transient catalogue
- Extracting distribution parameters from multiple uncertain observations with selection biases
- Science with the Einstein Telescope: a comparison of different designs
- The Locations of Short Gamma-ray Bursts as Evidence for Compact Object Binary Progenitors
- Does the Black Hole Merger Rate Evolve with Redshift?
- Constraints on the cosmic expansion history from GWTC-3
- A Future Percent-Level Measurement of the Hubble Expansion at Redshift 0.8 With Advanced LIGO
- Reconstructing phenomenological distributions of compact binaries via gravitational wave observations
- Cosmology in the dark: On the importance of source population models for gravitational-wave cosmology
- Short GRBs at the dawn of the gravitational wave era
- Spectral sirens: cosmology from the full mass distribution of compact binaries
- GRB090426: the farthest short gamma-ray burst?
- Structure of Gamma-Ray Burst jets: intrinsic versus apparent properties
- Are all short-hard gamma-ray bursts produced from mergers of compact stellar objects?
- Binary black holes population and cosmology in new lights: Signature of PISN mass and formation channel in GWTC-3
- The Hitchhiker's guide to the galaxy catalog approach for gravitational wave cosmology
- Cosmology and modified gravitational wave propagation from binary black hole population models
- Probing modified gravity theories and cosmology using gravitational-waves and associated electromagnetic counterparts
- The Delay Time of Gravitational Wave -- Gamma-Ray Burst Associations
- Current and future constraints on cosmology and modified gravitational wave friction from binary black holes
- The redshift dependence of black hole mass distribution: Is it reliable for standard sirens cosmology?
- Gravitational wave observations, distance measurement uncertainties, and cosmology
- Cosmology and Astrophysics with Standard Sirens and Galaxy Catalogs in View of Future Gravitational Wave Observations
- Does the speed of gravitational waves depend on the source velocity?
- Cosmological tensions in the birthplace of the heliocentric model
- Effective speed of gravitational waves