The synthetic gauge field and exotic vortex phase with spin-orbital-angular-momentum coupling

Abstract

Ultracold atoms endowed with tunable spin-orbital-angular-momentum coupling (SOAMC) represent a promising avenue for delving into exotic quantum phenomena. Building on recent experimental advancements, we propose the generation of synthetic gauge fields ,and by including exotic vortex phases within spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, employing a combination of a running wave and Laguerre-Gaussian laser fields. We investigate the ground-state characteristics of the SOAMC condensate, revealing the emergence of exotic vortex states with controllable orbital angular momenta. It is shown that the interplay of the SOAMC and conventional spin-linear-momentum coupling induced by the running wave beam leads to the formation of a vortex state exhibiting a phase stripe hosting single multiply quantized singularity. The phase of the ground state will undergo the phase transition corresponding to the breaking of rotational symmetry while preserving the mirror symmetry. Importantly, the observed density distribution of the ground-state wavefunction, exhibiting broken rotational symmetry, can be well characterized by the synthetic magnetic field generated through light interaction with the dressed spin state. Our findings pave the way for further exploration into the rotational properties of stable exotic vortices with higher orbital angular momenta against splitting in the presence of synthetic gauge fields in ultracold quantum gases.

20 pages, 4 figures,

References in corpus (14)

• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Spin-Injection Spectroscopy of a Spin-Orbit Coupled Fermi Gas
• Degenerate Quantum Gases with Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Observation of the supersolid stripe phase in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
• A Bose-Einstein Condensate in a Uniform Light-induced Vector Potential
• Non-Abelian gauge potentials for ultra-cold atoms with degenerate dark states
• Observation of Dirac Monopoles in a Synthetic Magnetic Field
• Emergence of a Turbulent Cascade in a Quantum Gas
• Effect of Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling for Atoms via Laser Fields
• Electron vortex beams in a magnetic field: A new twist on Landau levels and Aharonov-Bohm states
• Spin - orbital-angular-momentum coupling in Bose-Einstein condensates
• Angular spin-orbit coupling in cold atoms
• Stability of Quantized Vortices in a Bose-Einstein Condensate Confined in an Optical Lattice
• Fine structure of the stripe phase in ring-shaped Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbital-angular-momentum coupling