A conjectural basis for the $(1,2)$-bosonic-fermionic coinvariant ring

Abstract

We give the first conjectural construction of a monomial basis for the coinvariant ring $R_n^{(1,2)}$, for the symmetric group $S_n$ acting on one set of bosonic (commuting) and two sets of fermionic (anticommuting) variables. Our construction interpolates between the modified Motzkin path basis for $R_n^{(0,2)}$ of Kim-Rhoades (2022) and the super-Artin basis for $R_n^{(1,1)}$ conjectured by Sagan-Swanson (2024) and proven by Angarone et al. (2025). We prove that our proposed basis has cardinality $2^{n-1}n!$, aligning with a conjecture of Zabrocki (2020) on the dimension of $R_n^{(1,2)}$, and show how it gives a combinatorial expression for the Hilbert series. We also conjecture a Frobenius series for $R_n^{(1,2)}$. We show that these proposed Hilbert and Frobenius series are equivalent to conjectures of Iraci, Nadeau, and Vanden Wyngaerd (2024) on $R_n^{(1,2)}$ in terms of segmented Smirnov words, by exhibiting a weight-preserving bijection between our proposed basis and their segmented permutations. We extend some of their results on the sign character to hook characters, and give a formula for the $m_{\hat{I}}¼$ coefficients of the conjectural Frobenius series. Finally, we conjecture a monomial basis for the analogous ring in type $B_n$, and show that it has cardinality $4^{n}n!$.

33 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. Final version