Ground state phases of the two-dimension electron gas with a unified variational approach

Abstract

The two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is a fundamental model, which is drawing increasing interest because of recent advances in experimental and theoretical studies of 2D materials. Current understanding of the ground state of the 2DEG relies on quantum Monte Carlo calculations, based on variational comparisons of different ansatze for different phases. We use a single variational ansatz, a general backflow-type wave function using a message-passing neural quantum state architecture, for a unified description across the entire density range. The variational optimization consistently leads to lower ground-state energies than previous best results. Transition into a Wigner crystal (WC) phase occurs automatically at rs = 37 +/- 1, a density lower than currently believed. Between the liquid and WC phases, the same ansatz and variational search strongly suggest the existence of intermediate states in a broad range of densities, with enhanced short-range nematic spin correlations.

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• Electronic Crystal Phases in the Presence of Non-Uniform Berry Curvature and Tunable Berry Flux: The ${\lambda }_N$-Jellium model
• Neural Wave Functions for High-Pressure Atomic Hydrogen
• Exchange Interactions of a Wigner Crystal in a Magnetic Field and Berry Curvature: Multi-Particle Tunneling through Complex Trajectories
• Expressivity of determinantal ansatzes for neural network wave functions
• Magnetism from multiparticle ring exchange in moiré Wigner crystals
• Spin-triplet paired Wigner crystal stabilized by quantum geometry
• Quantum melting a Wigner crystal into Hall liquids