Implementing a synthetic magnetic vector potential in a 2D superconducting qubit array

Abstract

Superconducting quantum processors are a compelling platform for analog quantum simulation due to the precision control, fast operation, and site-resolved readout inherent to the hardware. Arrays of coupled superconducting qubits natively emulate the dynamics of interacting particles according to the Bose-Hubbard model. However, many interesting condensed-matter phenomena emerge only in the presence of electromagnetic fields. Here, we emulate the dynamics of charged particles in an electromagnetic field using a superconducting quantum simulator. We realize a broadly adjustable synthetic magnetic vector potential by applying continuous modulation tones to all qubits. We verify that the synthetic vector potential obeys requisite properties of electromagnetism: a spatially-varying vector potential breaks time-reversal symmetry and generates a gauge-invariant synthetic magnetic field, and a temporally-varying vector potential produces a synthetic electric field. We demonstrate that the Hall effect--the transverse deflection of a charged particle propagating in an electromagnetic field--exists in the presence of the synthetic electromagnetic field.

9 pages, 5 figures, and Supplementary Information

References in corpus (17)

• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Charge insensitive qubit design derived from the Cooper pair box
• Classification of topological insulators and superconductors in three spatial dimensions
• Spectral signatures of many-body localization with interacting photons
• Strongly Correlated Quantum Walks in Optical Lattices
• Quantum walks on a programmable two-dimensional 62-qubit superconducting processor
• Realization of a fractional quantum Hall state with ultracold atoms
• Tunable coupling scheme for flux qubits at the optimal point
• Quantum transport and localization in 1d and 2d tight-binding lattices
• Observation of critical phase transition in a generalized Aubry-André-Harper model on a superconducting quantum processor with tunable couplers
• Realization of fractional quantum Hall state with interacting photons
• Chiral transport along magnetic domain walls in the quantum anomalous Hall effect
• Simulating Chern insulators on a superconducting quantum processor
• Probing Operator Spreading via Floquet Engineering in a Superconducting Circuit
• Flat-band localization and interaction-induced delocalization of photons
• Probing entanglement across the energy spectrum of a hard-core Bose-Hubbard lattice
• Learning-based Calibration of Flux Crosstalk in Transmon Qubit Arrays

Cited by in corpus (19)

• Chiral quantum optics: recent developments, and future directions
• Realization of strongly-interacting Meissner phases in large bosonic flux ladders
• Synthetic multi-dimensional Aharonov-Bohm cages in Fock state lattices
• Quantized Hall drift in a frequency-encoded photonic Chern insulator
• Periodically and aperiodically Thue-Morse driven long-range systems: from dynamical localization to slow dynamics
• Autonomous Stabilization of Floquet States Using Static Dissipation
• Fast microwave-driven two-qubit gates between fluxonium qubits with a transmon coupler
• Microwave Engineering of Tunable Spin Interactions with Superconducting Qubits
• Experimental observation of exact quantum critical states
• Chiral Gravitons on the Lattice
• Parametric phase modulation in superconducting circuits
• Synthetic fractional flux quanta in a ring of superconducting qubits
• Flux-modulated tunable interaction regimes in two strongly nonlinear oscillators
• Environmental Quantum States Trigger Emission in Nonlinear Photonics
• Synthetic $\pi$-flux system in 2D superconducting qubit array with tunable coupling
• Floquet-engineered system-reservoir interaction in the transverse field Ising model
• Passive leakage removal unit based on a disordered transmon array
• Refrigeration of a 1D gas of microwave photons
• Scalable phonon-laser arrays with self-organized synchronization