Stable Symmetry-Protected Topological Phases in Systems with Heralded Noise

Abstract

We present a family of local quantum channels whose steady-states exhibit stable mixed-state symmetry-protected topological (SPT) order. Motivated by recent experimental progress on "erasure conversion" techniques that allow one to identify ($\text{herald}$) decoherence processes, we consider open systems with biased erasure noise, which leads to strongly symmetric heralded errors. We utilize this heralding to construct a local correction protocol that effectively confines errors into short-ranged pairs in the steady-state. Using a combination of numerical simulations and mean-field analysis, we show that our protocol stabilizes SPT order against a sufficiently low rate of decoherence. As the rate of heralded noise increases, SPT order is eventually lost through a directed percolation transition. We further find that while introducing unheralded errors destroys SPT order in the limit of long length- and time-scales, the correction protocol is sufficient for ensuring that local SPT order persists, with a correlation length that diverges as $\xi \sim (1-f_e{)}^{-1/2}$, where $f_e$ is the fraction of errors that are heralded.

arXiv comment8+21 pages. v2: fixed typos, updated reference, v3: published version

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• Holographic View of Mixed-State Symmetry-Protected Topological Phases in Open Quantum Systems
• Observation of average topological phase in disordered Rydberg atom array
• Population Dynamics of Schrödinger Cats
• A New Framework for Quantum Phases in Open Systems: Steady State of Imaginary-Time Lindbladian Evolution
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• Frustration-Free Control and Absorbing-State Transport in Entangled State Preparation
• Holographic duality between bulk topological order and boundary mixed-state order