An extension of Gauss congruences for Apéry numbers

Abstract

Osburn, Sahu and Straub introduced the numbers: \begin{align*} A_n^{(r,s,t)}=\sum_{k=0}^n{n\choose k}^r{n+k\choose k}^s{2k\choose n}^t, \end{align*} for non-negative integers $n,r,s,t$ with $r\ge 2$, which includes two kinds of Apéry numbers and four kinds of Apéry-like numbers as special cases, and showed that the numbers $\{A_n^{(r,s,t)}{\}}_{n\ge 0}$ satisfy the Gauss congruences of order $3$. We establish an extension of Osburn--Sahu--Straub congruence through Bernoulli numbers, which is one step deep congruence of the Gauss congruence for $A_n^{(r,s,t)}$.

26 pages