A strongly interacting, two-dimensional, dipolar spin ensemble in (111)-oriented diamond

Abstract

Systems of spins with strong dipolar interactions and controlled dimensionality enable new explorations in quantum sensing and simulation. In this work, we investigate the creation of strong dipolar interactions in a two-dimensional ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers generated via plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) on (111)-oriented diamond substrates. We find that diamond growth on the (111) plane yields high incorporation of spins, both nitrogen and NV centers, where the density of the latter is tunable via the miscut of the diamond substrate. Our process allows us to form dense, preferentially aligned, 2D NV ensembles with volume-normalized AC sensitivity down to ${\eta }_{AC}$ = 810 pT um${}^{3/2}$ Hz${}^{-1/2}$. Furthermore, we show that (111) affords maximally positive dipolar interactions amongst a 2D NV ensemble, which is crucial for leveraging dipolar-driven entanglement schemes and exploring new interacting spin physics.

References in corpus (6)

• Scalable spin squeezing in a dipolar Rydberg atom array
• Many-Body Delocalization in Strongly Disordered System with Long-Range Interactions: Finite Size Scaling
• Perfect selective alignment of nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
• Atomistic mechanism of perfect alignment of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
• Scalable Spin Squeezing from Finite Temperature Easy-plane Magnetism
• Two-dimensional spin systems in PECVD-grown diamond with tunable density and long coherence for enhanced quantum sensing and simulation

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Creation of Depth-Confined, Shallow Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond With Tunable Density
• Microscale Sensing with Strongly Interacting NV Ensembles at High Fields