Continuous-variable quantum key distribution with noisy squeezed states
arXiv:2404.05247 · doi:10.1088/2058-9565/ada9c4
Abstract
We address the role of noisy squeezing in security and performance of continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. Squeezing has long been recognized for its numerous advantages in CV QKD, such as enhanced robustness against channel noise and loss, and improved secret key rates. However, the noise of the squeezed states, that unavoidably originates already from optical loss in the source, raises concerns about its potential exploitation by an eavesdropper. This is particularly relevant if this noise is pessimistically assumed untrusted. We address the allocation of untrusted noise within a squeezed state and show that anti-squeezing noise is typically more harmful for security of the protocols, as it potentially provides more information to an eavesdropper. Although the anti-squeezing noise may not directly contribute to the generated key data, it is involved in parameter estimation and can in fact be harmful even if considered trusted. Our study covers the effects of anti-squeezing noise in both the asymptotic and finite-size regimes. We highlight the positive effects and limitations of imposing trust assumption on anti-squeezing noise. Additionally, we emphasize the detrimental impact of untrusted noise in both fiber and free-space fading links. Our findings offer essential insights for practical implementations and optimization of squeezed-state CV QKD protocols in realistic scenarios.
References in corpus (39)
- Quantum information with continuous variables
- The Security of Practical Quantum Key Distribution
- Gaussian Quantum Information
- Advances in Quantum Cryptography
- Secure quantum key distribution with realistic devices
- Detection of 15 dB Squeezed States of Light and their Application for the Absolute Calibration of Photoelectric Quantum Efficiency
- Experimental demonstration of long-distance continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Practical challenges in quantum key distribution
- Unconditional optimality of Gaussian attacks against continuous-variable QKD
- Optimality of Gaussian Attacks in Continuous Variable Quantum Cryptography
- Finite-size analysis of continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Long-Distance Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution over 202.81 km of Fiber
- Composable security proof for continuous-variable quantum key distribution with coherent states
- Extremality of Gaussian quantum states
- Implementation of Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Composable and One-Sided-Device-Independent Security Against Coherent Attacks
- Security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution via a Gaussian de Finetti reduction
- Continuous variable quantum key distribution with two-mode squeezed states
- Collective attacks and unconditional security in continuous variable quantum key distribution
- Continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocols over noisy channels
- Atmospheric Quantum Channels with Weak and Strong Turbulence
- Continuous-wave 6-dB-squeezed light with 2.5-THz-bandwidth from single-mode PPLN waveguide
- Quantifying decoherence in continuous variable systems
- Entanglement of Gaussian states and the applicability to quantum key distribution over fading channels
- Trusted Noise in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution: a Threat and a Defense
- High-speed Gaussian modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a local local oscillator based on pilot-tone-assisted phase compensation
- Long-distance continuous-variable quantum key distribution with efficient channel estimation
- Machine learning aided carrier recovery in continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Chip-based squeezing at a telecom wavelength
- Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution at 10 GBaud using an Integrated Photonic-Electronic Receiver
- Squeezed-state quantum key distribution upon imperfect reconciliation
- Continuous variable entanglement distillation of Non-Gaussian Mixed States
- Preventing side-channel effects in continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Multi-edge-type LDPC code design with G-EXIT charts for continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Automated machine learning for secure key rate in discrete-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution
- Experimental demonstration of Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with a silicon photonics integrated receiver
- Applicability of Squeezed-and Coherent-State Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution over Satellite Links
- Comparison of Discrete Variable and Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution Protocols with Phase Noise in the Thermal-Loss Channel
- Quantum Limits on the Capacity of Multispan Links with Phase-sensitive Amplification
- Quantum Limits on the Capacity of Multispan Links with Phase-Sensitive Amplification
Cited by in corpus (6)
- Continuous-variable quantum communication
- An introductory review of the theory of continuous-variable quantum key distribution: Fundamentals, protocols, and security
- Catability as a metric for evaluating superposed coherent states
- Realistic Threat Models for Fiber and Free-Space Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
- Multi-user QKD using quotient graph states derived from continuous-variable dual-rail cluster states
- Asymmetry effects in homodyne and heterodyne measurements: Positive operator-valued measures and asymptotic security of Gaussian-continuous-variable quantum key distribution