Detecting Ultralight Dark Matter Gravitationally with Laser Interferometers in Space

Abstract

Ultralight dark matter (ULDM) is one of the leading well-motivated dark matter candidates, predicted in many theories beyond the standard model of particle physics and cosmology. There have been increasing interests in searching for ULDM in physical and astronomical experiments, mostly assuming there are additional interactions other than gravity between ULDM and normal matter. Here we demonstrate that even if ULDM has only gravitational interaction, it shall induce gravitational perturbations in solar system that may be large enough to cause detectable signals in future gravitational-wave (GW) laser interferometers in space. We investigate the sensitivities of Michelson time-delay interferometer to ULDM of various spins, and show vector ULDM with mass $m\lesssim 10^{-18}$eV can be probed by space-based GW detectors aiming at $\mu$Hz frequencies. Our findings exhibit that GW detectors may directly probe ULDM in some mass ranges that otherwise are challenging to examine.

7 pages + supplementary material, 3 figures

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Cited by in corpus (11)

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• Prospects for Axion Dark Matter Searches at LISA-like Interferometers
• Dark Photon Dark Matter and Low-Frequency Gravitational Wave Detection with Gaia-like Astrometry
• Probing Self-Interacting Dark Matter via Gravitational-Wave Background from Eccentric Supermassive Black Hole Mergers
• Probing Spin-2 Ultralight Dark Matter with Space-based Gravitational Wave Detectors in the mHz Regime
• Distinguishing Monochromatic Signals in LISA and Taiji: Ultralight Dark Matter versus Gravitational Waves
• On Pulsar Timing Detection of Ultralight Vector Dark Matter
• Probing Dark Matter's Gravitational Effects Locally with TianQin
• Detectability of axion-like dark matter for different time-delay interferometry combinations in space-based gravitational wave detectors