Uncovering the mechanism of chiral three-nucleon force in driving spin-orbit splitting
arXiv:2404.02007 · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2024.138839
Abstract
The three-nucleon force (3NF) is crucial in shaping the shell structure of atomic nuclei, particularly impacting the enhancement of spin-orbit (SO) splitting, especially in nuclei with significant deviations from stability. Despite its importance, the specific mechanisms driving this enhancement remain unclear. In this study, we introduce a decomposition scheme based on the rank of irreducible tensors forming the 3NF, derived from chiral effective field theory at next-to-next-to-leading order, to elucidate their influence on SO splitting. Within the shell-model framework, our analysis reveals that the rank-1 component of the 3NF is the primary factor enlarging the energy gap between the and single-particle levels in -shell nuclei, while the rank-2 component makes a subdominant contribution. Since the rank-1 component originates exclusively from the -exchange 3NF, our finding will not depend on the choice of the low-energy constants of contact terms. We also remark on the antisymmetry of the rank-1 3NF, which can affect the quantum entanglement of spin states. This study lays the groundwork for further exploration into this field toward a microscopic understanding of the 3NF impact on the nuclear shell structure.
arXiv comment11 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
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