Narrow, wide, and $\lambda$-wide regular subalgebras of semisimple Lie algebras

Abstract

A subalgebra of a semisimple Lie algebra is wide if every simple module of the semisimple Lie algebra remains indecomposable when restricted to the subalgebra. From a finer viewpoint, a subalgebra is $\lambda$-wide if the simple module of a semisimple Lie algebra of highest weight $\lambda$ remains indecomposable when restricted to the subalgebra. A subalgebra is narrow if the restriction of all non-trivial simple modules to the subalgebra have proper decompositions. We determine necessary and sufficient conditions for regular subalgebras of semisimple Lie algebras to be $\lambda$-wide. As a natural consequence, we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for regular subalgebras to be wide, a result which has already been established by Panyushev for essentially all regular solvable subalgebras. Next, we show that establishing whether or not a regular subalgebra of a simple Lie algebra is wide does not require consideration of all simple modules. It is necessary and sufficient to only consider the adjoint representation. Finally, we show that a regular subalgebra of the special linear algebra ${\mathfrak{sl}}_{n+1}$ is either narrow or wide; this property does not hold for non-regular subalgebras of ${\mathfrak{sl}}_{n+1}$.

arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2403.17951