Exploring the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in a Two-dimensional Dipolar Bose Gas
arXiv:2403.18683 · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adr2715
Abstract
Long-range and anisotropic dipolar interactions induce complex order in quantum systems. It becomes particularly interesting in two-dimension (2D), where the superfluidity with quasi-long-range order emerges via Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) mechanism, which still remains elusive with dipolar interactions. Here, we observe the BKT transition from a normal gas to the superfluid phase in a quasi-2D dipolar Bose gas of erbium atoms. Controlling the orientation of dipoles, we characterize the transition point by monitoring extended coherence and measuring the equation of state. This allows us to gain a systematic understanding of the BKT transition based on an effective short-range description of dipolar interaction in 2D. Additionally, we observe anisotropic density fluctuations and non-local effects in the superfluid regime, which establishes the dipolar nature of the 2D superfluid. Our results lay the ground for understanding the behavior of dipolar bosons in 2D and open up opportunities for examining complex orders in a dipolar superfluid.
8 pages, 4 figues, supplementary information
References in corpus (26)
- Strongly correlated 2D quantum phases with cold polar molecules: controlling the shape of the interaction potential
- Observation of dipole-dipole interaction in a degenerate quantum gas
- Stabilizing a purely dipolar quantum gas against collapse
- Observation of scale invariance and universality in two-dimensional Bose gases
- Radial and angular rotons in trapped dipolar gases
- Strong saturation absorption imaging of dense clouds of ultracold atoms
- Superfluid behaviour of a two-dimensional Bose gas
- Stability of quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with dominant dipole-dipole interactions
- Observation of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Phase Transition in an Ultracold Fermi Gas
- Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation of Dipolar Molecules
- Interlayer superfluidity in bilayer systems of fermionic polar molecules
- The trapped two-dimensional Bose gas: from Bose-Einstein condensation to Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless physics
- Dipolar quantum solids emerging in a Hubbard quantum simulator
- Effects of Interactions on the Critical Temperature of a Trapped Bose Gas
- Mean-field regime of trapped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates in one and two dimensions
- Kosterlitz-Thouless transition of the quasi two-dimensional trapped Bose gas
- Roton spectroscopy in a harmonically trapped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
- Connecting Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless and BEC phase transitions by tuning interactions in a trapped gas
- Matter wave Fourier optics with a strongly interacting two-dimensional Fermi gas
- Finite temperature analysis of a quasi2D dipolar gas
- Critical Temperature of Weakly Interacting Dipolar Condensates
- Properties of strongly dipolar Bose gases beyond the Born approximation
- Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in Two-Dimensional Dipolar Stripes
- Dipolar condensates with tilted dipoles in a pancake-shaped confinement
- Anisotropic Coherence properties in a trapped quasi2D dipolar gas
- Number Fluctuations of a Dipolar Condensate: Anisotropy and Slow Approach to the Thermodynamic Regime
Cited by in corpus (5)
- Single-fluid model for rotating annular supersolids and its experimental implications
- Tilted dipolar bosons in the quasi-two-dimensional regime: From liquid stripes to droplets
- Excitations and anisotropic sound in planar dipolar supersolids with tilted dipoles
- Dynamical signatures of superfluidity and shear rigidity in different phases of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
- Quasiparticle spectra of mixtures of dipolar and non-dipolar condensates at zero and finite temperatures