A Provably Secure Framework for Noise-Aware Delegated Quantum Computation and Storage

Abstract

As large-scale quantum computers become a reality, they will likely exist as centralized cloud resources accessible to a broad user base. Securely delegating private quantum computations to untrusted servers is therefore a foundational challenge. This requires rigorous guarantees of privacy (blindness), correctness (completeness), and integrity against malicious actions (verifiability). This paper presents an integrated architectural framework for noise-aware distributed quantum computation. The framework combines three technical components into a unified system: (1) a distributed stabilizer-code backbone to encode and store quantum states across multiple server nodes, with security analyzed under non-communication and bounded-collusion assumptions; (2) a two-level error-management structure, where each server node can locally handle errors based on its specific noise model; and (3) a trap-based verification protocol to detect malicious deviations with probability controlled by a security parameter. We provide a security analysis showing that, under the stated assumptions, the framework achieves completeness, blindness, and verifiability with respect to the permitted leakage. Our work provides an architectural blueprint for trustworthy distributed quantum computation under explicitly stated assumptions, paving the way for further development of secure quantum cloud services.