Neutron stars in $f(R,L_m,T)$ gravity

Abstract

This study explores the behavior of compact stars within the framework of $f(R,L_m,T)$ gravity, focusing on the functional form $f(R,L_m,T)=R+\alpha T{L}_m$. The modified Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equations are derived and numerically solved for several values of the free parameter $\alpha$ by considering both quark and hadronic matter -- described by realistic equations of state (EoSs). Furthermore, the stellar structure equations are adapted for two different choices of the matter Lagrangian density (namely, $L_m=p$ and $L_m=-\rho$), laying the groundwork for our numerical analysis. As expected, we recover the traditional TOV equations in General Relativity (GR) when $\alpha \to 0$. Remarkably, we found that the two choices for $L_m$ have appreciably different effects on the mass-radius diagrams. Results showcase the impact of $\alpha$ on compact star properties, while final remarks summarize key findings and discuss implications, including compatibility with observational data from NGC 6397's neutron star. Overall, this research enhances comprehension of $f(R,L_m,T)$ gravity's effects on compact star internal structures, offering insights for future investigations.

arXiv comment10 pages, 5 figures. New figures and minor improvements added; version accepted for publication in EPJC

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