The algebraic degree of the Wasserstein distance
arXiv:2401.12735
Abstract
Given two rational univariate polynomials, the Wasserstein distance of their associated measures is an algebraic number. We determine the algebraic degree of the squared Wasserstein distance, serving as a measure of algebraic complexity of the corresponding optimization problem. The computation relies on the structure of a subpolytope of the Birkhoff polytope, invariant under a transformation induced by complex conjugation.
17 pages, 3 figures