Twisted Yang-Baxter sets, cohomology theory, and application to knots

Abstract

We introduce twisted set-theoretic Yang-Baxter solutions and develop an associated cohomology theory, which extends the standard cohomology theory of Yang-Baxter solutions. By employing cocycles of twisted biquandles along with Alexander numbering, we construct state-sum invariants for knots and knotted surfaces. As an application, we use our approach to distinguish the $2$-twist spun trefoil from its reverse orientation, in line with prior findings.

24 pages, 19 figures, calculations and examples added