Systematic incorporation of the ionic hard-core size into the Debye-Huckel theory via the cumulant expansion of the Schwinger-Dyson equations

Abstract

The Debye-Huckel (DH) formalism of bulk electrolytes equivalent to the gaussian-level closure of the electrostatic Schwinger-Dyson identities without the interionic hard-core (HC) coupling is extended via the cumulant treatment of these equations augmented by HC interactions. By confronting the monovalent ion activity and pressure predictions of our cumulant-corrected DH (CCDH) theory with hypernetted-chain results and Monte-Carlo simulations from the literature, we show that this rectification extends the accuracy of the DH formalism from submolar into molar salt concentrations. In the case of internal energies or the general case of divalent electrolytes mainly governed by charge correlations, the improved accuracy of the CCDH theory is limited to submolar ion concentrations. Comparison with experimental data from the literature shows that via the adjustment of the hydrated ion radii, the CCDH formalism can equally reproduce the non-uniform effect of salt increment on the ionic activity coefficients up to molar concentrations. The inequality satisfied by these HC sizes coincides with the cationic branch of the Hofmeister series.

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Cited by in corpus (4)

• Self-consistent electrostatic formalism of bulk electrolytes based on the asymmetric treatment of the short- and long-range ion interactions
• Unified microscopic theory of equilibrium thermodynamics and ion association in aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes with explicit hard-core size
• Statistical Physics of the Two-Dimensional Coulomb Liquid with Ionic Hard-Core Size
• Non-electrostatic interactions as random fields in charged liquids