Scalable entanglement certification via quantum communication

Abstract

Harnessing the advantages of shared entanglement for sending quantum messages often requires the implementation of complex two-particle entangled measurements. We investigate entanglement advantages in protocols that use only the simplest two-particle measurements, namely product measurements. For experiments in which only the dimension of the message is known, we show that robust entanglement advantages are possible, but that they are fundamentally limited by Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering. Subsequently, we propose a natural extension of the standard scenario for these experiments and show that it circumvents this limitation. This leads us to prove entanglement advantages from every entangled two-qubit Werner state, evidence its generalisation to high-dimensional systems and establish a connection to quantum teleportation. Our results reveal the power of product measurements for generating quantum correlations in entanglement-assisted communication and they pave the way for practical semi-device-independent entanglement certification well-beyond the constraints of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering.

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• Prepare-and-measure scenarios with photon-number constraints
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• Bound entanglement-assisted prepare-and-measure scenarios based on four-dimensional quantum messages
• Entanglement Structure Certification Based on Energy-Restricted State Discrimination
• Quantum Fisher Information in Curved Spacetime: Dirac Particles in Noisy Channels around a Schwarzschild Black Hole
• Quantum inputs in the prepare-and-measure scenario and stochastic teleportation
• Unlimited quantum correlation advantage from bound entanglement