Trapped atoms and superradiance on an integrated nanophotonic microring circuit

Abstract

Interfacing cold atoms with integrated nanophotonic devices could offer new paradigms for engineering atom-light interactions and provide a potentially scalable route for quantum sensing, metrology, and quantum information processing. However, it remains a challenging task to efficiently trap a large ensemble of cold atoms on an integrated nanophotonic circuit. Here, we demonstrate direct loading of an ensemble of up to 70 atoms into an optical microtrap on a nanophotonic microring circuit. Efficient trap loading is achieved by employing degenerate Raman-sideband cooling in the microtrap, where a built-in spin-motion coupling arises directly from the vector light shift of the evanescent field potential on a microring. Atoms are cooled into the trap via optical pumping with a single free space beam. We have achieved a trap lifetime approaching 700ms under continuous cooling. We show that the trapped atoms display large cooperative coupling and superradiant decay into a whispering-gallery mode of the microring resonator, holding promise for explorations of new collective effects. Our technique can be extended to trapping a large ensemble of cold atoms on nanophotonic circuits for various quantum applications.

11 pages, 9 figures

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• Collective emission and selective radiance in atomic clouds and arrays coupled to a microring resonator
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• A global quantum network with ground-based single-atom memories in optical cavities and satellite links
• Exact Many-body Quantum Dynamics in One-Dimensional Baths via Collective Spins
• Adding Photonic Entanglement to Superradiance by Using Multilevel Atoms
• Apparatus for Optical-Atomic System Integration & Calibration: 1 atm to 1$\times$10${}^{-11}$ Torr in 24h
• Nonextensive Thermodynamics of the Morse Oscillator: Signature and Solid State Application
• Collective Radiative Enhancement of Rare-Earth Ions in Lithium Niobate via Engineered LargeArea Nanohole Arrays
• Superbunching from coherently driven atoms in a waveguide
• Experimental observation of subabsorption