Vacuum levitation and motion control on chip
arXiv:2311.14016 · doi:10.1038/s41565-024-01677-3
Abstract
Levitation in vacuum has evolved into a versatile technique which has already benefited diverse scientific directions, from force sensing and thermodynamics to material science and chemistry. It also holds great promises of advancing the study of quantum mechanics in the unexplored macroscopic regime. While most current levitation platforms are complex and bulky, miniaturization is sought to gain robustness and facilitate their integration into confined settings, such as cryostats or portable devices. Integration on chip is also anticipated to enhance the control over the particle motion through a more precise engineering of optical and electric fields. As a substantial milestone towards this goal, we present here levitation and motion control in high vacuum of a silica nanoparticle at the surface of a hybrid optical-electrostatic chip. By combining fiber-based optical trapping and sensitive position detection with cold damping through planar electrodes, we cool the particle motion to a few hundred phonons. Our results pave the way to the next generation of integrated levitation platforms combining integrated photonics and nanophotonics with engineered electric potentials, towards complex state preparation and read out.
arXiv comment6 pages, 4 figures
References in corpus (43)
- Superconducting Qubits: Current State of Play
- Trapped-Ion Quantum Computing: Progress and Challenges
- Motional Quantum Ground State of a Levitated Nanoparticle from Room Temperature
- Sub-Kelvin Parametric Feedback Cooling of a Laser-Trapped Nanoparticle
- Millikelvin cooling of an optically trapped microsphere in vacuum
- Fiber Fabry-Perot cavity with high finesse
- Levitodynamics: Levitation and control of microscopic objects in vacuum
- Feedback cooling of a cantilever's fundamental mode below 5 mK
- Real-time optimal quantum control of mechanical motion at room temperature
- Zeptonewton force sensing with nanospheres in an optical lattice
- Direct Measurement of Photon Recoil from a Levitated Nanoparticle
- Quantum control of a nanoparticle optically levitated in cryogenic free space
- Cavity cooling a single charged nanoparticle
- Ultrasensitive torque detection with an optically levitated nanorotor
- An achromatic metafiber for focusing and imaging across the entire telecommunication range
- Cold Damping of an Optically Levitated Nanoparticle to micro-Kelvin Temperatures
- Simultaneous ground-state cooling of two mechanical modes of a levitated nanoparticle
- Force and acceleration sensing with optically levitated nanogram masses at microkelvin temperatures
- Sensing of Static Forces with Free-Falling Nanoparticles
- Observation of strong and tunable light-induced dipole-dipole interactions between optically levitated nanoparticles
- Optical sorting and detection of sub-micron objects in a motional standing wave
- Optimal Feedback Cooling of a Charged Levitated Nanoparticle with Adaptive Control
- Force sensing with an optically levitated charged nanoparticle
- Experimental investigation of planar ion traps
- Probing Macroscopic Quantum Superpositions with Nanorotors
- Acceleration sensing with magnetically levitated oscillators above a superconductor
- Optimal Position Detection of a Dipolar Scatterer in a Focused Field
- Planar Ion Trap Geometry for Microfabrication
- Optical cold damping of neutral nanoparticles near the ground state in an optical lattice
- Two-dimensional quantum motion of a levitated nanosphere
- Macroscopic Quantum Superpositions via Dynamics in a Wide Double-Well Potential
- Optical trapping and control of nanoparticles inside evacuated hollow core photonic crystal fibers
- Near-field coupling of a levitated nanoparticle to a photonic crystal cavity
- Trapping and manipulation of individual nanoparticles in a planar Paul trap
- Extending vacuum trapping to absorbing objects with hybrid Paul-optical traps
- Recoil-limited feedback cooling of single nanoparticles near the ground state in an optical lattice
- A surface electrode point Paul trap
- Direct measurement of short-range forces with a levitated nanoparticle
- High sensitivity, levitated microsphere apparatus for short-distance force measurements
- Levitated Optomechanics with Meta-Atoms
- Quantum theory of light interaction with a Lorenz-Mie particle: Optical detection and three-dimensional ground-state cooling
- Hybrid electro-optical trap for experiments with levitated particles in vacuum
- A chip-based superconducting magnetic trap for levitating superconducting microparticles