Proximity-induced gapless superconductivity in two-dimensional Rashba semiconductor in magnetic field

Abstract

Two-dimensional semiconductor-superconductor heterostructures form the foundation of numerous nanoscale physical systems. However, measuring the properties of such heterostructures, and characterizing the semiconductor in-situ is challenging. A recent experimental study [arXiv:2107.03695] was able to probe the semiconductor within the heterostructure using microwave measurements of the superfluid density. This work revealed a rapid depletion of superfluid density in semiconductor, caused by the in-plane magnetic field which in presence of spin-orbit coupling creates so-called Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces. The experimental work used a simplified theoretical model that neglected the presence of non-magnetic disorder in the semiconductor, hence describing the data only qualitatively. Motivated by experiments, we introduce a theoretical model describing a disordered semiconductor with strong spin-orbit coupling that is proximitized by a superconductor. Our model provides specific predictions for the density of states and superfluid density. Presence of disorder leads to the emergence of a gapless superconducting phase, that may be viewed as a manifestation of Bogoliubov Fermi surface. When applied to real experimental data, our model showcases excellent quantitative agreement, enabling the extraction of material parameters such as mean free path and mobility, and estimating $g$-tensor after taking into account the orbital contribution of magnetic field. Our model can be used to probe in-situ parameters of other superconductor-semiconductor heterostructures and can be further extended to give access to transport properties.

24 pages, 12 figures

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• Coexistence of Chiral Majorana Edge States and Bogoliubov Fermi Surfaces in Two-Dimensional Nonsymmorphic Dirac Semimetal/Superconductor Heterostructures
• Superconducting Proximity Effect in Two-Dimensional Hole Gases
• Theory of superconducting proximity effect in hole-based hybrid semiconductor-superconductor devices
• Gapless superconductivity and its real-space topology in quasicrystals
• Antichiral edge states and Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces in a two-dimensional proximity-induced superconductor
• Determination of the current-phase relation of an InAs 2DEG Josephson junction with a microwave resonator
• Thermoelectric effect in a superconductor with Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces
• Evolution and Instability of Bogoliubov Fermi Surfaces under Zeeman Field