Serendipitous Detection of Orbital Debris by the International Liquid Mirror Telescope: First Results

Abstract

Orbital debris presents a growing risk to space operations, and is becoming a significant source of contamination of astronomical images. Much of the debris population is uncatalogued, making the impact more difficult to assess. We present initial results from the first ten nights of commissioning observations with the International Liquid Mirror Telescope, in which images were examined for streaks produced by orbiting objects including satellites, rocket bodies and other forms of debris. We detected 83 streaks and performed a correlation analysis to attempt to match these with objects in the public database. 48\% of these objects were uncorrelated, indicating substantial incompleteness in the database, even for some relatively-bright objects. We were able to detect correlated objects to an estimated magnitude of 14.5 and possibly about two magnitudes greater for the faintest uncorrelated object.

6 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, accepted for publication in the Bulletin of Liège Royal Society of Sciences as a part of 3rd Belgo-Indian Network for Astronomy and Astrophysics (BINA) workshop, 22-24 March 2023