Coupled reaction-diffusion equations with degenerate diffusivity: wavefront analysis

Abstract

We investigate traveling wave solutions for a nonlinear system of two coupled reaction-diffusion equations characterized by double degenerate diffusivity: \[n_t= -f(n,b), \quad b_t=[g(n)h(b)b_x]_x+f(n,b).\] These systems mainly appear in modeling spatial-temporal patterns during bacterial growth. Central to our study is the diffusion term $g(n)h(b)$, which degenerates at $n=0$ and $b=0$; and the reaction term $f(n,b)$, which is positive, except for $n=0$ or $b=0$. Specifically, the existence of traveling wave solutions composed by a couple of strictly monotone functions for every wave speed in a closed half-line is proved, and some threshold speed estimates are given. Moreover, the regularity of the traveling wave solutions is discussed in connection with the wave speed.