Observing quantum measurement collapse as a learnability phase transition
arXiv:2311.00058 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.14.041012
Abstract
The mechanism by which an effective macroscopic description of quantum measurement in terms of discrete, probabilistic collapse events emerges from the reversible microscopic dynamics remains an enduring open question. Emerging quantum computers offer a promising platform to explore how measurement processes evolve across a range of system sizes while retaining coherence. Here, we report the experimental observation of evidence for an observable-sharpening measurement-induced phase transition in a chain of trapped ions in Quantinuum H1-1 system model quantum processor. This transition manifests as a sharp, concomitant change in both the quantum uncertainty of an observable and the amount of information an observer can (in principle) learn from the measurement record, upon increasing the strength of measurements. We leverage insights from statistical mechanical models and machine learning to design efficiently-computable algorithms to observe this transition (without non-scalable post-selection on measurement outcomes) and to mitigate the effects on errors in noisy hardware.
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Cited by in corpus (17)
- Measurement-induced transitions for interacting fermions
- Experimental demonstration of scalable cross-entropy benchmarking to detect measurement-induced phase transitions on a superconducting quantum processor
- Generalized Zeno effect and entanglement dynamics induced by fermion counting
- Generalizing measurement-induced phase transitions to information exchange symmetry breaking
- Charge and Spin Sharpening Transitions on Dynamical Quantum Trees
- Probing prethermal nonergodicity through measurement outcomes of monitored quantum dynamics
- Measurement-induced phase transitions for free fermions in a quasiperiodic potential
- Topology and Spectrum in Measurement-Induced Phase Transitions
- Multipartite entanglement structure of monitored quantum circuits
- Random Quantum Circuits with Time-Reversal Symmetry
- Monitored Fluctuating Hydrodynamics
- Mesoscopic Fluctuations and Multifractality at and across Measurement-Induced Phase Transition
- Quantum dynamics of monitored free fermions: Evolution of quantum correlations and scaling at measurement-induced phase transition
- Entanglement phases and phase transitions in monitored free fermion system due to localizations
- Quantum correlations versus spin magnitude: Transition to the classical limit
- Neural network enhanced cross entropy benchmark for monitored circuits
- Mixed-state learnability transitions in monitored noisy quantum dynamics