Some new perspectives on the Kruskal--Szekeres extension with applications to photon surfaces

Abstract

It is a well-known fact that the Schwarzschild spacetime admits a maximal spacetime extension in null coordinates which extends the exterior Schwarzschild region past the Killing horizon, called the Kruskal-Szekeres extension. This method of extending the Schwarzschild spacetime was later generalized by Brill-Hayward to a class of spacetimes of "profile $h$" across non-degenerate Killing horizons. Circumventing analytical subtleties in their approach, we reconfirm this fact by reformulating the problem as an ODE, and showing that the ODE admits a solution if and only if the naturally arising Killing horizon is non-degenerate. Notably, this approach lends itself to discussing regularity across the horizon for non-smooth metrics. We will discuss applications to the study of photon surfaces, extending results by Cederbaum-Galloway and Cederbaum-Jahns-Vičánek-Martínez beyond the Killing horizon. In particular, our analysis asserts that photon surfaces approaching the Killing horizon must necessarily cross it.

Comments are very welcome

References in corpus (4)

• Photon surfaces in less symmetric spacetimes
• Black Hole and Cosmological Particle Production in Schwarzschild de Sitter
• Photon surfaces with equipotential time-slices
• Uniqueness and energy bounds for static AdS metrics

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Conformal diagrams for stationary and dynamical strong-field hyperboloidal slices