Candidate toroidal electric dipole mode in the spherical nucleus ${}^{58}$Ni

Abstract

Dipole toroidal modes appear in many fields of physics. In nuclei, such a mode was predicted more than 50 years ago, but clear experimental evidence was lacking so far. Using a combination of high-resolution inelastic scattering experiments with photons, electrons and protons, we identify for the first time candidates for toroidal dipole excitations in the nucleus ${}^{58}$Ni and demonstrate that transverse electron scattering form factors represent a relevant experimental observable to prove their nature.

13 pages, 8 figures

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Cited by in corpus (6)

• Systematics of the low-energy electric dipole strength in the Sn isotopic chain
• Electric dipole polarizability of ${}^{58}$Ni
• Electric dipole polarizability constraints on neutron skin and symmetry energy
• The Electron-Gamma Coincidence Setup DAGOBERT
• Angela and the electric dipole response -- giant and pygmy, hot and cold, isoscalar and isovector
• Electric dipole strength in $sd$-shell nuclei from small-angle proton scattering