Exploring the Hubble Tension: A Novel Approach through Cosmological Observations

Abstract

The simplest cosmological model ($\Lambda$CDM) is well-known to suffer from the Hubble tension, namely an almost $5\sigma$ discrepancy between the (model-based) early-time determination of the Hubble constant $H_0$ and its late-time (and model-independent) determination. To circumvent this, we introduce an additional energy source that varies with the redshift as $(1+z{)}^n$, where $0<n<3$, and test it against the Pantheon Compilation of Type Ia Supernovae as well as the CMBR observations (at $z\approx 1100$). The deduced $H_0$ is now well-consistent with the value obtained from local observations of Cepheid variables. Suggesting a non-zero value for the curvature density parameter, positive (negative) for $n>2$ ($n<2$), the resolution is also consistent with the BAO data.

6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table