GPT has become financially literate: Insights from financial literacy tests of GPT and a preliminary test of how people use it as a source of advice
arXiv:2309.00649 · doi:10.1016/j.frl.2023.104333
Abstract
We assess the ability of GPT -- a large language model -- to serve as a financial robo-advisor for the masses, by using a financial literacy test. Davinci and ChatGPT based on GPT-3.5 score 66% and 65% on the financial literacy test, respectively, compared to a baseline of 33%. However, ChatGPT based on GPT-4 achieves a near-perfect 99% score, pointing to financial literacy becoming an emergent ability of state-of-the-art models. We use the Judge-Advisor System and a savings dilemma to illustrate how researchers might assess advice-utilization from large language models. We also present a number of directions for future research.
43 pages, 2 figures and 2 tables in main text; in V2 added information that this is the Author Accepted Manuscript version