An exceptional property of the one-dimensional Bianchi-Egnell inequality

Abstract

In this paper, for $d\ge 1$ and $s\in (0,\frac{d}{2})$, we study the Bianchi-Egnell quotient \[ \mathcal Q(f) = \inf_{f \in \dot{H}^s(\mathbb R^d) \setminus \mathcal B} \frac{\|(-Δ)^{s/2} f\|_{L^2(\mathbb R^d)}^2 - S_{d,s} \|f\|_{L^{\frac{2d}{d-2s}}(\mathbb R^d)}^2}{\text{dist}_{\dot{H}^s(\mathbb R^d)}(f, \mathcal B)^2}, \qquad f \in \dot{H}^s(\mathbb R^d) \setminus \mathcal B, \] where $S_{d,s}$ is the best Sobolev constant and $\mathcal{B}$ is the manifold of Sobolev optimizers. By a fine asymptotic analysis, we prove that when $d=1$, there is a neighborhood of $\mathcal{B}$ on which the quotient $\mathcal{Q}(f)$ is larger than the lowest value attainable by sequences converging to $\mathcal{B}$. This behavior is surprising because it is contrary to the situation in dimension $d\ge 2$ described recently in \cite{Koenig}. This leads us to conjecture that for $d=1$, $\mathcal{Q}(f)$ has no minimizer on ${\dot{H}}^s({\mathbb{R}}^d)\setminus \mathcal{B}$, which again would be contrary to the situation in $d\ge 2$. As a complement of the above, we study a family of test functions which interpolates between one and two Talenti bubbles, for every $d\ge 1$. For $d\ge 2$, this family yields an alternative proof of the main result of \cite{Koenig}. For $d=1$ we make some numerical observations which support the conjecture stated above.

24 pages, minor changes with respect to v1

References in corpus (2)

• On the sharp constant in the Bianchi-Egnell stability inequality
• Stability with explicit constants of the critical points of the fractional Sobolev inequality and applications to fast diffusion