Brownian electric bubble quasiparticles

Abstract

Recent works on electric bubbles (including the experimental demonstration of electric skyrmions) constitute a breakthrough akin to the discovery of magnetic skyrmions some 15 years ago. So far research has focused on obtaining and visualizing these objects, which often appear to be immobile (pinned) in experiments. Thus, critical aspects of magnetic skyrmions - e.g., their quasiparticle nature, Brownian motion - remain unexplored (unproven) for electric bubbles. Here we use predictive atomistic simulations to investigate the basic dynamical properties of these objects in pinning-free model systems. We show that it is possible to find regimes where the electric bubbles can present long lifetimes ($\sim$ ns) despite being relatively small ($\varnothing <$ 2 nm). Additionally, we find that they can display stochastic dynamics with large and highly tunable diffusion constants. We thus establish the quasiparticle nature of electric bubbles and put them forward for the physical effects and applications (e.g., in token-based Probabilistic Computing) considered for magnetic skyrmions.

arXiv comment7 pages, 4 figures

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• Liquid-crystal-like dynamic transition in ferroelectric/dielectric superlattices
• Switchable Skyrmion-Antiskyrmion Tubes in Rhombohedral BaTiO${}_3$ and Related Materials
• Inhomogeneous Electric Fields for Precise Control and Displacement of Polar Textures
• Creating currents of electric bubbles
• Thermal Stability and Topological Charge Fragmentation in Antiskyrmions of Rhombohedral Barium Titanate
• Topological Textures in Zr-Substituted Barium Titanate
• Topological transition and emergent elasticity of dislocation in skyrmion lattice: Beyond Kittel's magnetic-polar analogy