Symmetrization process and truncated orthogonal polynomials

Abstract

We define the family of truncated Laguerre polynomials $P_n(x;z)$, orthogonal with respect to the linear functional $\ell$ defined by $$⟨\ell ,p⟩={\int }_0^{z}p(x)x^{\alpha }{e}^{-x}dx,\alpha >-1.$$ The connection between $P_n(x;z)$ and the polynomials $S_n(x;z)$ (obtained through the symmetrization process) constitutes a key element in our analysis. As a consequence, several properties of the polynomials $P_n(x;z)$ and $S_n(x;z)$ are studied taking into account the relation between the parameters of the three-term recurrence relations that they satisfy. Asymptotic expansions of these coefficients are given. Discrete Painlevé and Painlevé equations associated with such coefficients appear in a natural way. An electrostatic interpretation of the zeros of such polynomials as well as the dynamics of the zeros in terms of the parameter $z$ are given.