Freezing transition in particle-conserving East model

Abstract

Quantum kinetically constrained models can exhibit a wealth of dynamical phenomena ranging from anomalous transport to Hilbert-space fragmentation (HSF). We study a class of one-dimensional particle number conserving systems where particle hoppings are subjected to an East-like constraint, akin to facilitated spin models in classical glasses. While such a kinetic constraint leads to HSF, we find that the degree of fragmentation exhibits a sharp transition as the average particle density is varied. Below a critical density, the system transitions from being weakly fragmented where most of the initial states thermalize diffusively, to strongly fragmented where the dynamics are frozen and the system fails to thermalize. Remarkably, the East model allows for both efficient numerical simulations and analytic solutions of various diagnostics of the phase transition, from which we obtain a set of exact critical exponents. We find that the freezing transition in particle-conserving East models belongs to the same universality class as dipole-conserving fracton systems. Our results provide a tractable minimal model for filling-induced freezing transitions associated with HSF, which can be readily tested in state-of-the-art quantum platforms.

arXiv comment9 pages, 8 figures

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• Glassy word problems: ultraslow relaxation, Hilbert space jamming, and computational complexity
• Subspace restricted thermalization in a correlated-hopping model with strong Hilbert space fragmentation characterized by irreducible strings
• Coherent spin-phonon scattering in facilitated Rydberg lattices
• Statistical Localization in a Rydberg Simulator of $U(1)$ Lattice Gauge Theory
• Graph theory and tunable slow dynamics in quantum East Hamiltonians
• Universal Freezing Transitions of Dipole-Conserving Chains
• Diagnostics of Hilbert space fragmentation, freezing transition, and its effects in the family of quantum East models involving varying range of constraints