Quantum simulation of in-medium QCD jets: momentum broadening, gluon production, and entropy growth

Abstract

Jets provide one of the primary probes of the quark-gluon plasma produced in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions and the cold nuclear matter explored in deep inelastic scattering experiments. However, despite important developments in the last years, a description of the real-time evolution of QCD jets inside a medium is still far from being complete. In our previous work, we have explored quantum technologies as a promising alternative theoretical laboratory to simulate jet evolution in QCD matter, to overcome inherent technical difficulties in present calculations. Here, we extend our previous investigation from the single particle $|q⟩$ to the $|q⟩+|qg⟩$ Fock space, taking into account gluon production. Based on the light-front Hamiltonian formalism, we construct a digital quantum circuit that tracks the evolution of a multi-particle jet probe in the presence of a medium described as a stochastic color field. Studying the momentum broadening of the jet state, we observe sizable sub-eikonal effects by comparing to eikonal estimates. We also study the medium-induced modifications to the gluon emission probability, which exhibit small corrections compared to the vacuum splitting function. In addition, we study the time evolution of the von-Neumann entropy associated with the quark component; we find that the exponential of the entropy grows linearly in time for the bare quark but super-linearly when taking into account gluon emission.

16 pages, 12 figures

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• Real-time chiral dynamics at finite temperature from quantum simulation
• Accelerated quantum circuit Monte-Carlo simulation for heavy quark thermalization
• Quantum computation in fermionic thermal field theories
• Quantum Pathways for Charged Track Finding in High-Energy Collisions
• Relativistic dynamics of charmonia in strong magnetic fields
• Thermal modifications of mesons and energy-energy correlators from real-time simulations of a $U(1)$ lattice gauge theory
• Quantum simulating multi-particle processes in high energy nuclear physics: dijet production and color (de)coherence
• Jet evolution in a quantum computer: quark and gluon dynamics