Distance Duality Test: The Evolution of Radio Sources Mimics a Nonexpanding Universe
arXiv:2306.15680 · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acdb49
Abstract
Distance duality relation (DDR) marks a fundamental difference between expanding and nonexpanding Universes, as an expanding metric causes angular diameter distance smaller than luminosity distance by an extra factor of . Here we report a test of this relation using two independent samples of ultracompact radio sources observed at 2.29 GHz and 5.0 GHz. The test with radio sources involves only geometry, so it is independent of cosmological models. Since the observed radio luminosities systematically increase with redshift, we do not assume a constant source size. Instead, we start with assuming the intensive property, luminosity density, does not evolve with redshift and then infer its evolution from the resultant DDR. We make the same assumption for both samples, and find it results in the same angular size-redshift relation. Interestingly, the resultant DDR is fully consistent with a nonexpanding Universe. Imposing the DDR predicted by the expanding Universe, we infer the radio luminosity density evolves as . However, the perfect agreement with a nonexpanding Universe under the assumption of constant luminosity densities poses a conspiracy and fine-tuning problem: the size and luminosity density of ultracompact radio sources evolve in the way that precisely mimics a nonexpanding Universe.
arXiv comment8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Published in ApJ Letters
References in corpus (26)
- Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae
- Detection of the Baryon Acoustic Peak in the Large-Scale Correlation Function of SDSS Luminous Red Galaxies
- The 6dF Galaxy Survey: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and the Local Hubble Constant
- The Hubble Space Telescope Cluster Supernova Survey: V. Improving the Dark Energy Constraints Above z>1 and Building an Early-Type-Hosted Supernova Sample
- Measuring the Three-Dimensional Structure of Galaxy Clusters. I. Application to a Sample of 25 Clusters
- Testing the Distance-Duality Relation with Galaxy Clusters and Type Ia Supernovae
- Ultra-compact structure in intermediate-luminosity radio quasars: building a sample of standard cosmological rulers and improving the dark energy constraints up to
- Measuring the speed of light with ultra-compact radio quasars
- The Distance Duality Relation from Strong Gravitational Lensing
- Euclid: Forecast constraints on the cosmic distance duality relation with complementary external probes
- New observational constraints on cosmology from radio quasars
- An improved method to test the Distance--Duality relation
- A new test of gravity with the cosmological standard rulers in radio quasars
- Testing the Etherington's distance duality relation at higher redshifts: the combination of radio quasars and gravitational waves
- Revisiting the cosmic distance duality relation with machine learning reconstruction methods: the combination of HII galaxies and ultra-compact radio quasars
- Testing the distance duality relation using type Ia supernovae and ultracompact radio sources
- Exploring the properties of milliarcsecond radio sources
- Tight Cosmological Constraints from the Angular-Size/Redshift Relation for Ultra-Compact Radio Sources
- Legacy data and cosmological constraints from the angular-size/redshift relation for ultra-compact radio sources
- Cosmological investigation of multi-frequency VLBI observations of ultra-compact structure in radio quasars
- Ultra-compact structure in radio quasars as a cosmological probe: a revised study of the interaction between cosmic dark sectors
- The Maximum Angular-Diameter Distance in Cosmology
- Using variability and VLBI to measure cosmological distances
- On the cosmic distance duality relation and the strong gravitational lens power law density profile
- Distance-duality in theories with a nonminimal coupling to gravity
- What are recent observations telling us in light of improved tests of distance duality relation?