Geometric Positivity of the Fusion Products of Unitary Vertex Operator Algebra Modules

Abstract

A unitary and strongly rational vertex operator algebra (VOA) $V$ is called strongly unitary if all irreducible $V$-modules are unitarizable. A strongly unitary VOA $V$ is called completely unitary if for each unitary $V$-modules $W_1$, $W_2$ the canonical nondegenerate Hermitian form on the fusion product $W_1⊠W_2$ is positive. It is known that if $V$ is completely unitary, then the modular category of unitary $V$-modules is unitary [Gui19b], and all simple VOA extensions of V are automatically unitary and moreover completely unitary [Gui22, CGGH23]. In this paper, we give a geometric characterization of the positivity of the Hermitian product on $W_1$ and $W_2$, which helps us prove that the positivity is always true when the fusion product $W_1⊠W_2$ is an irreducible and unitarizable $V$-module. We give several applications: (1) We show that if $V$ is a unitary (strongly rational) holomorphic VOA with a finite cyclic unitary automorphism group $G$, and if $V^G$ is strongly unitary, then $V^G$ is completely unitary. This result applies to the cyclic permutation orbifolds of unitary holomophic VOAs. (2) We show that if $V$ is unitary and strongly rational, and if $U$ is a simple current extension which is unitarizable as a $V$-module, then $U$ is a unitary VOA.

69 pages. Final revision. Published in Comm. Math. Phys

References in corpus (5)

• Twisted modules and $G$-equivariantization in logarithmic conformal field theory
• Unitarity of SL(2)-conformal blocks in genus zero
• Haploid algebras in $C^{\ast }$-tensor categories and the Schellekens list
• Energy bounds for vertex operator algebra extensions
• Unitary forms for holomorphic vertex operator algebras of central charge $24$

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Unitarity and strong graded locality of holomorphic vertex operator superalgebras with central charge at most 24