Core Collapse Supernova Explosions in Active Galactic Nucleus Accretion Disks

Abstract

Astrophysical events that occur in active galactic nucleus (AGN) disks are believed to differ significantly from the ordinary in the interstellar medium. We show that stars located in the outer region of the AGN disk would explode near the original migration starting points instead of being accreted by the central supermassive black hole due to the effect of viscosity. AGN disks provide a dense environment for supernova (SN) explosions, which inevitably involve ejecta-disk interactions. In this paper, we investigate the light curves (LCs) of core-collapse SN exploded in AGN disks. In addition to the fundamental energy source of ${}^{56}\mathrm{Ni}$--${}^{56}\mathrm{Co}$--${}^{56}\mathrm{Fe}$ decay reaction powering the SN LCs, the forward-reverse shock produced during interactions may contribute significantly to the observed flux. If the stellar winds manage to create a cavity surrounded by a shell near the star before the SN explosion, the ejecta-winds-disk configurations are expected. We present various SN LCs from different types of progenitors and find that the SN LCs are dominated by the radiation of ejecta-disk interaction-induced shocks. The resulting SNe in the AGN disk is a promising transient source for UV and optical band detection by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (Swift), the Ultraviolet Explorer (UVEX) and wide field survey telescopes such as Ultraviolet Transient Astronomy Satellite (ULTRASAT), Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST) and Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. These detections could aid in the investigation of AGN discs and the associated high-energy transient occurrences.

arXiv comment16 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, matches the published version in ApJ

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Cited by in corpus (3)

• Propagation of GRB Relativistic Jets in AGN Disks and Its Implication for GRB Detection
• A Systematic Search for Active Galactic Nucleus Flares in ZTF Data Release 23
• The Multiband Emission of the two-component Gamma-Ray Burst jet influenced by progenitor winds within the Accretion Disk of Active Galactic Nuclei