Quantum defects of $n$F${}_J$ levels of Cs Rydberg atoms

Abstract

We present precise measurements of the quantum defects of cesium $n$F${}_J$ Rydberg levels. We employ high-precision microwave spectroscopy of $(n+2){\mathrm{D}}_{5/2}\to n{\mathrm{F}}_{5/2,7/2}$ transitions for $n=45$ to 50 in a cold-atom setup. Cold cesium $(n+2)$D${}_{5/2}$ atoms, prepared via two-photon laser excitation, are probed by scanning weak microwave fields interacting with the atoms across the $n{\mathrm{F}}_{5/2,7/2}$ resonances. Transition spectra are acquired using state-selective electric-field ionization and time-gated ion detection. Transition-frequency intervals are obtained by Lorentzian fits to the measured spectral lines, which have linewidths ranging between 70~kHz and 190~kHz, corresponding to about one to three times the Fourier limit. A comprehensive analysis of relevant line-shift uncertainties and line-broadening effects is conducted. We find quantum defect parameters ${\delta }_0({\mathrm{F}}_{5/2})=0.03341537(70)$ and ${\delta }_2({\mathrm{F}}_{5/2})=-0.2014(16)$, as well as ${\delta }_0({\mathrm{F}}_{7/2})=0.0335646(13)$ and ${\delta }_2({\mathrm{F}}_{7/2})=-0.2052(29)$, for $J=5/2$ and $J=7/2$, respectively. Fine structure parameters $A_{FS}$ and $B_{FS}$ for Cs $n{\mathrm{F}}_J$ are also obtained. Results are discussed in context with previous works, and the significance of the results is discussed.

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• Determination of Quantum Defects and Core Polarizability of Atomic Cesium via Terahertz and Radio-Frequency Spectroscopy in Thermal Vapor
• Measurements of the hyperfine structure of $n{P}_J$ Rydberg states by microwave spectroscopy in Cs atoms
• Precision measurement of Cs($n{F}_J$) quantum defects and calculations of scalar and tensor polarizabilities of the $n{S}_{1/2}$, $n{P}_J$ ,$n{D}_J$ , and $n{F}_J$ series
• Forces on alkali Rydberg atoms due to non-linearly polarized light