Fredholm inversion around a singularity: application to autoregressive time series in Banach space

Abstract

This paper consider inverting a holomorphic Fredholm operator pencil. Specifically, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the inverse of a holomorphic Fredholm operator pencil to have a simple pole and a second order pole. Based on those results, a closed-form expression of the Laurent expansion of the inverse around an isolated singularity is obtained in each case. As an application of the results, we obtain a suitable extension of the Granger-Johansen representation theory for random sequences taking values in a separable Banach space. Due to our closed-form expression of the inverse, we may fully characterize I(1) and I(2) solutions except a term that depends on initial values.