Stability and physical properties of spherical excited scalar boson stars

Abstract

We study the time evolution of spherical, excited -- with $n$ radial nodes -- scalar boson stars in General Relativity minimally coupled to a complex massive scalar field with quartic self-interactions. We report that these stars, with up to $n=10$, can be made dynamically stable, up to timescales of $t\sim \frac{10^4}{c\mu }$, where $\mu$ is the inverse Compton wavelength of the scalar particle, for sufficiently large values of the self-interactions coupling constant $\lambda$, which depend on $n$. We observe that the compactness of these solutions is rather insensitive to $n$, for large $\lambda$ and fixed frequency. Generically, along the branches where stability was studied, these excited boson stars are not compact enough to allow for innermost stable circular orbits or light rings. Finally, we discuss the angular velocity of particles along timelike circular orbits, suggesting an application, for solutions in the Newtonian limit, to galactic rotation curves.

16 pages, 16 figures, updated with an appendix to match published version

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Cited by in corpus (13)

• The non-spherical ground state of Proca stars
• Self-interacting dipolar boson stars and their dynamics
• Self-interactions can (also) destabilize bosonic stars
• On the linear stability of nonrelativistic selfinteracting boson stars
• Hair is complicated: Gravitational waves from stable and unstable boson-star mergers
• On the stability of electrovacuum space-times in scalar-tensor gravity
• Stability and collisions of excited spherical boson stars: glimpses of chains and rings
• Bifurcations in Bosonic Stars: chains and rings from spherical solutions
• Massive boson stars: Stability and GW emission in head-on mergers
• Exploring the viability of pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson as ultralight dark matter in a mass range relevant for strong gravity applications
• Radial kinks in the boson stars
• Linear stability of nonrelativistic Proca stars
• Analytical solutions for Maxwell-scalar system on radially symmetric spacetimes