On the Question of the Bäcklund Transformations and Jordan Generalizations of the Second Painlevé Equation

Abstract

We demonstrate the way to derive the second Painlevé equation $P_2$ and its Bäcklund transformations from the deformations of the Nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS), all the while preserving the strict invariance with respect to the Schlesinger transformations. The proposed algorithm allows for a construction of Jordan algebra-based completely integrable multiple-field generalizations of $P_2$ while also producing the corresponding Bäcklund transformations. We suggest calling such models the JP-systems. For example, a Jordan algebra $J_{{}_{\mathrm{Mat}(N,N)}}$ with the Jordan product in the form of a semi-anticommutator is shown to generate an integrable matrix generalization of $P_2$, whereas the $V_{{}_N}$ algebra produces a different JP-system that serves as a generalization of the Sokolov's form of a vectorial NLS.

13 pages, 56 references

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• Probability Distribution of the Free Energy of the Continuum Directed Random Polymer in 1+1 dimensions
• The Cauchy problem for the generalized hyperbolic Novikov-Veselov equation via the Moutard symmetries