Quantum sensing of temperature close to absolute zero in a Bose-Einstein condensate

Abstract

We propose a theoretical scheme for quantum sensing of temperature close to absolute zero in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). In our scheme, a single-atom impurity qubit is used as a temper-ature sensor. We investigate the sensitivity of the single-atom sensor in estimating the temperature of the BEC. We demonstrate that the sensitivity of the temperature sensor can saturate the quantum Cramer-Rao bound by means of measuring quantum coherence of the probe qubit. We study the temperature sensing performance by the use of quantum signal-to-noise ratio (QSNR). It is indicated that there is an optimal encoding time that the QSNR can reach its maximum in the full-temperature regime. In particular, we find that the QSNR reaches a finite upper bound in the weak coupling regime even when the temperature is close to absolute zero, which implies that the sensing-error-divergence problem is avoided in our scheme. Our work opens a way for quantum sensing of temperature close to absolute zero in the BEC.

9 pages,9 figures

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Cited by in corpus (10)

• Invasiveness of non-equilibrium quantum thermometry
• Strongly coupled fermionic probe for nonequilibrium thermometry
• Thermometry by correlated dephasing of impurities in a 1D Fermi gas
• Temperature-heat uncertainty relation in nonequilibrium quantum thermometry
• Quantum information flow in impurity qubits interacting with Bose-Bose mixtures
• Single-qubit probes for temperature estimation in the presence of collective baths
• Highly sensitive temperature sensing via quadratic optomechanical coupling
• Nonequilibrium quantum thermometry with noncommutative system-bath couplings
• Correlated decoherence and thermometry with mobile impurities in a 1D Fermi gas
• Limitations of strong coupling in non-Markovian quantum thermometry